GASPRO International Journal of Eminent Scholars

An appropriate research study relies on the quality of research design adopted for the study. It is in order to understand the rudiments of research design that this work is carried out. Research design have been viewed as a plan or structured framework of how one intend conducting the research process in order to solve the research problem. The components of research design discussed here include: interpretive paradigm, ontological and epistemological considerations, qualitative approach and quantitative methods of research design. The characteristic of quantitative approach is the scientific search for ‘cause and effect’, while the qualitative approach is the search for an understanding of human experience. In the qualitative approach process the researcher has a major role to play as it is through the researcher’s eyes and ears that data are collected, information is gathered, settings are viewed, and realities are constructed” The main difference between quantitative and qualitative approach fall on the distinction between ‘explanation’ and ‘understanding’ as the focus of exploration. The use of case study is necessary when the researcher has little control over the events related to the social phenomena. Three variations in case studies that are linked to the intent of the case analysis were recognized to include: the single instrumental case study as the first variable in which the researcher looks at an issue and chooses a case; The second one is the intrinsic case study that emphases on the case itself, because in this case the case presents a unique situation. The third variation of the case study is the collective or multiple case studies. In summary the methods that will be employed in the analysis of data rely solely on the type of research design adopted. Hence care must be taken on the type of research design adopted for a study as it affects the outcome of the study.